نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار گروه کلام و الهیات جدید پژوهشگاه فرهنگ و اندیشه اسلامی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
سلفیان ضمن تقسیم‍بندی توحید ربوبی و الوهی، بر باورمندی مشرکان بر توحید ربوبی اصرار دارند و آسیب بزرگ آنان را شرک عبادی می‍دانند و با استناد به آیه ۳۱ سورۀ یونس و آیات مشابه، مسلمانان را به دوری از توحید در عبادت و افتادن در گرداب شرک متهم می‍کنند. مسئله اصلی این نوشتار بررسی انتقادی موحد انگاری مشرکان در توحید ربوبی از سوی سلفیون است و در این مقاله تلاش می‍شود ضمن تبیین شرک ربوبی در عصر جاهلی، نگره سلفیون را در تضاد با فهم سلف دانسته و ضمن تأکید بر ترتب عبادت بر ربوبیت و عدم تفکیک آن دو، آیات مورد استناد ایشان بخصوص آیه مورد اشاره بررسی شده و به آیات ناظر بر شرک ربوبی مشرکان اشاره شود؛ آیات متعدد قرآنی گواه تأمل و مخالفت مشرکان در مقوله رازقیت پروردگار و امور دیگر از سوی خداوند است و غالب نزاع‍های مشرکان مکه با رسول الله(ص) و مومنین را بر محور ربوبیت خداوند سبحان می‍داند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
A critical review of the monotheism of Meccan polytheists in God's monotheism based on verse 31 of Surah Yunus
نویسنده [English]
- mohammad baqer pouramini
Assistant Professor, Department of Theology and New Theology, Institute of Islamic Culture and Thought, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
Introduction
The arrangement of the universe belongs to God, and the divine verses, by proving the monotheism of God, make worship for God, and commentators believe that the condition of believing in God's Lordship can be recognized in the fulfillment of worship. What worship of God is realized after believing in His Lordship.
Relying on the opinion of Ibn Taymiyyah Harrani, the Salafis state the threefold division of monotheism as "divine", "names and attributes" and "divine" and with religious and divine monotheism, simply believing in the monotheism of God is not enough and that they do. I do not consider Islam to be a person and they claim that the polytheists at the beginning of Islam believe in Allah, the Creator and Lord, and they are the only ones who disbelieve in divine monotheism.
In order to prove that the polytheists are united in God's monotheism, they emphasize more on verse 31 of Surah Yunus: "Say: Who will provide for you from the heavens and the earth is safe for your deeds." The living are raised from the dead, and the dead are raised from the living, and whoever manages the affairs, they say to Allah. Under this verse, there are verses 84 and 85 of Surah Mominun, "Saiqulun Lallah" and by emphasizing its appearance, the Salafists attribute the management of the affairs of the world to God, and God is the manager of the affairs of the world, and by relying on this deviant interpretation, they consider it to be far from monotheism. They commit shirk in worship and fall into the vortex.
The main subject of this article is the critical examination of polytheism in God's monotheism by the Salafists, and in this article, while explaining the polytheism of God in the Jahili era, he considers the Salafion's view to be incompatible with the Salaf's understanding. While analyzing the reason for the promotion of this idea, the order of worship is emphasized on Lordship and the inseparability of the two, and while examining the verses cited by the Salafis, the verses that refer to the polytheism of polytheists are mentioned. Basically, the numerous verses of the Qur'an consider the conflict of Meccan polytheists with the Messenger of God (PBUH) and the believers based on the Lordship of God Subhanahu wa Ta'ala. As a result, worshipful polytheism is associated with divine polytheism, and therefore the worship of God is realized after believing in His Lordship. The intentional mistake of the Salafis in considering Muslims as polytheists is not distinguishing between independent and rational planning in existence.
Literature Review
This topic is mentioned in the book "Al-Tawheed and Shirk" by Ayatollah Sobhani and some of his theological works, the articles "Wahhabiun and Tawhid Raboubi" by Ayatollah Rabbani Golgani in the chapter of Siraj Munir, "Shark Allah Fi Qur'an". The Age of Decline in the Mirror of Natural Interpretation" written by Mr. Ali Khorasani has been reviewed in the Quarterly Journal of Natural Tafsir Research. But in this article, while explaining the emphasis of worship order on Lordship, the viewpoint of the Salafists and their reference to verse 31 of Surah Yunus can be criticized and inconsistent with other verses of the Qur'an.
Methodology
This article has been compiled using library sources in a descriptive-analytical way.
Results
The planning of the world is exclusive to God, and the divine verses, by proving God's monotheism, make worship exclusive to God, and therefore God is the reason for worship.
By promoting the belief of the polytheists who believe in the monotheism of God and the distorted interpretation of the Qur'anic verses, the Salafis are trying to accuse Muslims of polytheism and their distance from the monotheism of worship, but in this way, they have committed several big mistakes:
The analysis of the verses of the Quran, especially verse 31 of Surah Yunus, is wrong by the Salafists, and this passage from the verse "Siqloon Allah" is for the welcome and the future, and it shows the importance that such a word was not in the mind and expression of the polytheists, and they actually believed They didn't have it and if they think about it, they will admit it soon.
The verses of the Holy Qur'an are proof of the polytheists' reflection and opposition in the category of God's Lordship, and even they openly considered idolatry as Lord, and the Qur'an considers the conflicts of the Meccan polytheists with the Messenger of God (PBUH) and the believers to be based on the Lordship of God, Glory be to Him.
The view of the Salafis in the polytheists' belief in the Lordship of God is incompatible with the opinion of the Salaf who are companions and subjects, and it calls into question their following the Salaf.
Belief in the independence of beings is the influence of polytheism in God's monotheism. However, the belief that some of God's special servants, such as some prophets and pure imams, have the power to do these things by God's permission, is not only polytheism, but also monotheism. The deliberate mistake of the Salafis in considering Muslim polytheists is not distinguishing between independent planning in existence.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- "The Holy Quran"
- "polytheists"
- "Ibn Taymiyyah"
- " Salafi school"
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