Quran and Quranic teachings
Ebrahim Ebrahimi; Fatemeh Dastranj; fereiduon rezaei
Abstract
IntroductionThe dispersion of opinions on the issue of reciting the Basmalah aloud or in silence has become one of the areas of divergence of Islamic schools of thought, and the main reason for this dispute doubts the revelatory nature of the Basmalah and its being a part of every chapter of the ...
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IntroductionThe dispersion of opinions on the issue of reciting the Basmalah aloud or in silence has become one of the areas of divergence of Islamic schools of thought, and the main reason for this dispute doubts the revelatory nature of the Basmalah and its being a part of every chapter of the Qur'an. According to some definitive narratives that agree with rational axioms, the Basmalah is an essential part of the Qur’anic chapters. The Sirah of the Prophet (PBUH) and his companions, especially Imam Ali (AS) was based on reciting the Basmalah out loud, and any doubt about this issue paves the way for distortion of the Qur’an. However, in some Sunni sources, there is a hadith that contradicts what was mentioned above, as it indicates that Imam Ali (AS) recited the Basmalah in silence.Research Question(s) Literature ReviewThe background of this research can be divided into two general and specific parts. Generally, it can be done through the books of hadith and interpretation in which narrations and discussions about the Basmalah were mentioned specifically, the following research can be mentioned:“The Possibility of the Basmala being a Verse from the Shia and Sunni Perspectives” by Zahra Askarzadeh.“A Translation and Criticism of the Entry “Basmalah” in the Encyclopedia of the Holy Qur’an” by Bibi Sadat Behabadi and Hujjatullah Javani.“Study and Analysis of Sheikh Baha’i’s Narrations and Criticisms in the Interpretation of ‘Urwah al-Wuthqā in the Unity of the Surahs and Partial-Nature of Basmalah” by Muhammad Ali Tajari and Muhammad Taghaddomi Saberi.“Examination of the Opinions of Jurists, Commentators and Traditions of Ahl al-Bayt (AS) Regarding the Verse Bismillah al-Raḥmān al-Raḥīm” by Muhammad Qorbani Moghaddam.“The Ontology of the Basmalah as an Introduction to Creating an Ontology of the Teachings of the Qur’an” by Hossein Hosseinzadeh.“Investigation of the Partial-Nature of the Basmalah to Surahs of the Qur’an” by Muhammad Qorbani Moghaddam.“The Verse of Basmalah, its Continuation and Revelation” by Hojjatullah ʻĀshūrī.“Partial-Nature of the Basmalah and it’s Aloud Recitation” by Jafar Sobhani.As it was mentioned, the basic problem in suggesting the partial or non-partial nature of the Basmalah, and thus the belief in its aloud or silent recitation, goes back to the conflicting narrations mentioned in this regard, and the problem remains until these narrations are scrutinized in terms of the chain of transmission and the text, and the research in this regard is only a repetition of the previous researches. The difference between this article and the other researches is that it examines the narration related to the silent recitation of the Basmalah narrated from Imam Ali (AS), in terms of the chain of transmission (Sanad) and the text, which has not been written in this regard until now. MethodologyThis article aims to critically re-read the non-existence of Basmalah in the Qur’anic surahs using a descriptive-analytical method, based on the analysis of the chain of transmission and the text of the relevant narration. ResultsThe results of the research show that the aforementioned narration contains some serious problems. A: There is a major problem regarding its chain of transmission; because among the transmitters there are narrators who have been severely criticized by Sunni scholars. B: Some of the narrators are attributed to the Shias, and this contains a contradiction; because what they say completely contradicts the teachings of the Imams (AS) and his habit of reciting the Basmalah aloud. C: Analysis of historical reports indicates that the claim of dropping the Basmalah from prayer occurred under a calculated process initiated and supported by the Umayyad regime and with the policy of erasing Alawite monuments. Therefore, the possibility of falsification in these narrations becomes stronger. ConclusionAccording to the findings of this research, the aforementioned hadiths contain some serious problems. First: It has major problems in terms of the chain of transmission; because among the transmitters there are narrators who have been severely criticized by Sunni scholars. Second: Some of the narrators were attributed to Shias, and this contradicts the authentic hadiths that state that the Shia Imams (AS) considered the Basmalah to be part of the surahs of the Qur’an and therefore they used to recite it out loud. Finally, historical reports indicate that the idea of dropping the Basmalah emerged during a calculated process initiated and supported by the Umayyad regime. Therefore, there is a high possibility of Waḍʻ and Tadlīs (fabrication) in these narrations
Ebrahim Ebrahimi; Fatemeh Dastranj
Abstract
The concept of war and jihad is one of the challenging researches, the misunderstanding of which has had negative consequences. Since in the verses of the Qur'an, the concept of jihad is a sacred and sublime thing and the Holy Qur'an has dealt with this issue in many verses and different interpretations, ...
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The concept of war and jihad is one of the challenging researches, the misunderstanding of which has had negative consequences. Since in the verses of the Qur'an, the concept of jihad is a sacred and sublime thing and the Holy Qur'an has dealt with this issue in many verses and different interpretations, a correct analysis of the Qur'anic expression pattern and the way of using verbs can help to understand the verses of jihad. Therefore, in the present study, a descriptive-analytical method was used to analyze the discourse of spoken verbs in the verses of Jihad, and it was concluded that which is the intention of the speaker, a comprehensive combination of discourse systems derived from Verbal verbs, had an opinion. Hence, intelligent, emotional and incidental discourse systems that have been analyzed with regard to the spoken verbs of the verses of jihad, in combination with each other, clarify the comprehensive discourse analysis of the verses of jihad. This discourse is a guiding discourse that, in addition to intelligent discourse, uses tension-emotional pressures as well as event discourse based on divine providence. The emotional discourse system also completes the discourse of passion and consciousness in the form of emotional and persuasive speech verbs. The incidental discourse system in the form of obligatory verbal verbs refers to a higher and more meaningful authority and makes it clear that the divine providence is the victory and help of the Mujahideen in the way of God.
Ebrahim Ebrahimi; Fatemeh Dastranj
Abstract
Semantic analysis of words and understanding or recognition the relationships between them is one of the ways to achieve the delicacies of meaning. This is especially important in relation to the Quran, which has various semantic levels and ultimate coherence in vocabulary.in this study meaning of “ ...
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Semantic analysis of words and understanding or recognition the relationships between them is one of the ways to achieve the delicacies of meaning. This is especially important in relation to the Quran, which has various semantic levels and ultimate coherence in vocabulary.in this study meaning of “ اغوا” is analyzed by descriptive and analytical method on base of intertextual relationships. Based on understanding of conceptual relationship of this word, we find a visual system that come from frequent companionship of “رب” and “اغوا”. “The story of the devil and his departure from paradise” and “Justifying of criminal from their behavior in the presence of God” depict the system of absolute divine rule, the dynamic image that creates a wave of thinking. Meaning of “اغوا” is common part of Sami and Arabic meaning of it, means: “falling down “and “rejection”. This word means “اغوا”, in addition to having an affinity with “اضلال” and “عصی” is synonymous of these words. The semantic interaction of “اغوا” with the concept of growth suggests a typical emotional aspect in it, by emphasis on spiritual and positional falling down. Key words: Eghva, Edlal, Conceptual relations, semantics
