MohammadReza Shahroodi; Mohammad Saeed Ansari
Abstract
This article reviews the five issues of the article "The Adam and the Angels, the Study of Mythological Elements in Islamic Resources" by the Orientalist Jew, Chipman. Chipman has used Jewish sources and some sources of Sunni sources and concluded that comparing Islamic narrations in Islamic sources ...
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This article reviews the five issues of the article "The Adam and the Angels, the Study of Mythological Elements in Islamic Resources" by the Orientalist Jew, Chipman. Chipman has used Jewish sources and some sources of Sunni sources and concluded that comparing Islamic narrations in Islamic sources with Jewish histories, it is stated that Islamic sources have a more comprehensive mythological inference in this field. Although he seems to have selected traditions from some Sunni sources, this can not be verified due to the review of the citations of the article. In this critique, it is mainly based on narrative narratives and sources of earlier Shiite sources, because Chipman has not been using Shi'i sources and a kind of singularity has been created in his essay. In comparing the arguments based on Shiite interpretations with the views of Chipman and their differentiation points, it has been determined that many of the traditions referred to in the Chipman is not endorsed by the Holy Quran and the infallibles (AS), and these narratives are Israelis and superstitions.
Farajolah Hedayatnia
Abstract
There is no consensus among the commentators on the creation of male and female two men. Their views on this subject go back to two general theories. A large number of commentators in the creation of men and women are from different sources for different purposes, and they believe: God has created Eve ...
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There is no consensus among the commentators on the creation of male and female two men. Their views on this subject go back to two general theories. A large number of commentators in the creation of men and women are from different sources for different purposes, and they believe: God has created Eve from the body of Adam. They also believe that the Almighty God created the woman to calm her husband. The result of this superstitious theory of male dominance on women and the consequent creation of women in the value system of Islam has Islamic values in Islam. Another group of them shared the origin and purpose of the creation of Adam and Eve and believed: Men and women are equal in creation and in respect of dignity and worth. According to this theory, the Almighty God created the husband and wife to create each other. Considering the influence of these views on the jurisprudential, legal and cultural-social system, this paper attempts to examine and evaluate the reasons for the female adolescent creation and to show that Adam and Eve and, in general, men and women have been created from the same source for the same purpose. And nobody else has any honor and nobody.
Ali Karbalaei Pazouki
Abstract
Spiritual Guardianship is one of the highest levels of Guardianship in the issue of the Imamat which is realized by Devine permission through spiritual dominance of Imam over people. Spiritual Guardianship is a kind of spiritual authority and dominancethat is obtained by divine permission for Imamthrough ...
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Spiritual Guardianship is one of the highest levels of Guardianship in the issue of the Imamat which is realized by Devine permission through spiritual dominance of Imam over people. Spiritual Guardianship is a kind of spiritual authority and dominancethat is obtained by divine permission for Imamthrough passing of the path of thraldom and reaching the proximity of Allah. In view of Allameh Tabatabai, Guardianship is different other than Prophecy, Caliphate, recommended successor (executer/Vasi) or Imamate which it means religious authority and political leadership.In addition to the appearance of life, human being possesses an inward and spiritual life and he needs special guidance and specific instructions from Imams to reach to the highest status. Allameh Tabatabai believes that Imamate status is superior to Prophecy andsome particular prophets and special people can obtain the competency of being Imam after passing of different phases and hard tests of competence. Imam guides people with inward guidance by divine permission and he leads well-prepared human beings to real and divine ideal and divine destination by possession of his guardianship.Allameh is called this guidance ascommand guidance.Thisresearch is a descriptive and library study that it seeks to explore the different aspects of inward guidance and Imam’s spiritual Guardianship Allameh Tabatabai particularly in his book, Tafsir al-Mizan by analyzing of the text.
yousef heydari chenari; ramzan mahdavi azadboni
Abstract
One of the most significant issues discussed in both religion and science is the first creation of man and his generation. To prove consistency of Islam with the scientific beliefs in this respect can undoubtedly contribute to promotion of Islam, which serves as the major objective of the present research. ...
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One of the most significant issues discussed in both religion and science is the first creation of man and his generation. To prove consistency of Islam with the scientific beliefs in this respect can undoubtedly contribute to promotion of Islam, which serves as the major objective of the present research. Using a descriptive-analytic methodology, this paper seeks to examine Darwin’s theory of human evolution based on the outlook of Allameh Tabataba’i, the great philosopher and exegete of the world of Islam, as provided in Al-Mīzān Commentary. According to Allameh’s view, the verses of the Quran explicitly state that all human beings are decedents of Adam and Eve and are created through natural processes. However, the physical aspect of the creation of Adam and Eve is autonomous and directly from soil and mud and the spiritual aspect of their creation refers to the Divine Will and Divine Breathing. According to Darwin’s theory of evolution, man evolved from other animals as a result of the environmental requirements. One should admit, however, that this remains a scientific hypothesis which has not reached the level of scientific proof and certainty, as their proponents have failed to provide convincing responses to the challenges posed by scientists, philosophers and religious scholars. In view of Allameh Tabataba’i, there is consistency between science and religion and the theory of evolution remains a scientific hypothesis for which there is no absolute support, and even on the condition that it be true and given that it be supported by scientific and absolute evidence, the outward meaning of some verses of the Quran which reject this theory is open to interpretation.
saleh hasan zadeh
Abstract
Existence is the starting point for proving the world being created. Visible creatures in the world are possible which are the effect of these changes, and for all there must be a cause. Since God is the primary existence and absolute perfection, it is necessarily the cause of everything that exists. ...
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Existence is the starting point for proving the world being created. Visible creatures in the world are possible which are the effect of these changes, and for all there must be a cause. Since God is the primary existence and absolute perfection, it is necessarily the cause of everything that exists. Theologians call this "ex-nihilo". In their views, whether the world is temporal or eternal, it has been created by God. The world has been created accrording to the science of God which is, therefore, a free Act. In addition, the only end through which we can imagine the will of God is his special existence. Hence, creation is God's grace. The casual and independent creation are specific to God, because only God is existence and his essence is the same. Theologians in response to the question of If God has created the world based on perfection where the evil originates from state that evil can not basically be found in the world, and what is considered as evil is non-existence, conditioned and accidental. This paper is aimed at discussing the issue of creation from point of view of Muslim and Christian theologians and thinkers, especially Aquinas and Allame Tabataba'i. Despite the differences in the Christian theology of the medieval centuary and the Islamic theology, in principle, they are so close because both theologies revolve around Allah though Christian theologians and thinkers of the medieval centuary knew and used the works of the Islamic theologians such as Avicenna andAI-Farabi. Therefore, they share a similar theme and linguistic style.
